Understanding and diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging, leading to delays of up to seven years in Australian women receiving proper diagnosis1. Recognising potential symptoms is crucial for women to initiate informed conversations with healthcare providers and specialists regarding suitable treatment options. Endometriosis can manifest in different locations,such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, bowel, and bladder, resulting in a wide range of symptoms. So, what are the initialindications of endometriosis?
Intense Menstrual Pain
While some discomfort during menstruation is normal, women with endometriosis often experience severe period pain. This pain can start several days before the period begins and persist for a few days after it ends. It is typically a consequence of the extra endometrial tissue reacting to hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle.
Painful Intercourse
Experiencing discomfort or pain during or after sexual activity could be a potential sign of endometriosis. The severity ranges from mild discomfort to intense pain and is often attributed to endometrial growths responding to physical movements and pressure associated with sex.
Gastrointestinal Disturbances
Endometriosis may also give rise to gastrointestinal issues like diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, or nausea, particularly during menstruation. The presence of endometrial tissue on the intestines or other parts of the gastrointestinal tract can cause these symptoms.
Difficulty Conceiving
Many women with endometriosis face challenges with fertility. Infertility or reduced fertility might occur due to inflammation and scarring caused by endometrial tissue within the reproductive organs. Obstruction or diminished effectiveness of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterine lining can make conception and pregnancy maintenance difficult.
Discomfort During Urination or Bowel Movements
One early sign of endometriosis is experiencing pain or discomfort when urinating or having bowel movements, particularly around menstruation. The intensity of discomfort can vary from a dull ache to a sharp, stabbing sensation. This is attributed to the proximity of endometrial tissue growth to the bladder or bowel, leading to irritation and inflammation.
Increased Menstrual Bleeding
Women with endometriosis may experience heavier or prolonged periods compared with their norm. This is typically due to extrashedding of endometrial tissue alongside the usual uterine lining during menstruation. Consequently, the need to change sanitary products more frequently may arise.
Bleeding Between Menstrual Periods
Intermenstrual bleeding, characterized by spotting or bleeding between periods, can also indicate endometriosis. This irregular bleeding can occur at any time and is commonly associated with the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
Presence of Blood in Urine or Stools
Noticing blood in urine or stools may indicate the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. This minor bleeding is generally a response to inflammation and irritation caused by misplaced tissue.
Persistent Fatigue
Feeling constantly exhausted, even with sufficient rest, could also indicate endometriosis. The cumulative effects of chronic pain, sleep deprivation, emotional stress, and inflammation often lead to fatigue.
Endometriosis significantly impacts one’s quality of life because its symptoms can be debilitating. If you identify any signs of endometriosis, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional. With the assistance of a doctor or gynaecologist, you can attain an accurate diagnosis and explore various treatment options to manage the symptoms.
